Synthesis and Characterization of CO3O4 Nanoparticles Using Microwave-Assisted Method

Abstract

Nanoscience primarily focuses on the synthesis, characterisation, exploration, and application of nanostructured materials, which are defined by having at least one dimension in the nanometer range. CO₃O₄ nanoparticles are exceptionally cost-effective and highly stable conductive materials featuring a broad bandgap. These nanoparticles are crucial for supercapacitor applications, and CO₃O₄ is regarded as one of the most promising positive anode materials. Cobalt oxide nanopowder has been successfully synthesized using the microwave method, allowing for better control over the production process. Characterisation techniques validated the structural properties of cobalt oxide through X-ray diffraction (XRD), which confirmed a face-centred cubic structure. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis revealed significant vibrational bands at 663.5 cm^-1 and 574.7 cm^-1, while impedance spectroscopy assessed electrical conductivity at elevated temperatures. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) showed a spherical morphology, and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) confirmed the presence of constituent elements. Additionally, high-temperature electrical resistivity measurements indicated a decrease in resistance with increased temperature. The maximum specific capacitance of 344 F/g was obtained from cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies.